Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria
| Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria | |||||||||
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| Part of the Mongol invasions and conquests | |||||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
| Mongol Empire | Volga Bulgaria | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
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Subutai Jebe (1223) Sunitay and Kukedey (1229–1230) Batu and Subutai (1236) | Ghabdula Chelbir | ||||||||
| Units involved | |||||||||
| Predominantly horse archers and other cavalry | Unknown | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
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1223: Less than 20,000 1229: 20,000 1236: ~35,000 | Unknown | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| Light casualties, defeated in their first attack | Heavy | ||||||||
| History of Tatarstan |
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| History of Chuvashia |
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| History of Udmurtia |
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The Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria lasted from 1223 to 1236. The Bulgar state, centered in lower Volga and Kama, was the center of the fur trade in Eurasia throughout most of its history. Before the Mongol conquest, Russians of Novgorod and Vladimir repeatedly looted and attacked the area, thereby weakening the Bulgar state's economy and military power. The latter ambushed the Mongols in the later 1223 or in 1224. Several clashes occurred between 1229–1234, and the Mongol Empire conquered the Bulgars in 1236.