List of flood basalt provinces

Representative continental flood basalts (also known as traps) and oceanic plateaus, together forming a listing of large igneous provinces:

Era Period Epoch Age Start, mya Event Notes
Cenozoic Quaternary Holocene 0.0117
Pleistocene Upper 0.126
Middle 0.781 Australasian strewnfield
Lake Bosumtwi		 Brunhes–Matuyama reversal (778.7 ± 1.9)
Jaramillo reversal (1.07)
Calabrian 1.806* Olduvai reversal
Gelasian 2.588* Chilcotin Plateau Basalts Ice age
Gauss-Matuyama reversal (2.588)
Neogene Pliocene Piacenzian/Blancan 3.600* Gilbert-Gauss geomagnetic reversal (3.32)
Zanclean 5.333* Zanclean flood (5.333)
Miocene Messinian 7.246* Chilcotin Plateau Basalts
Tortonian 11.62*
Serravallian 13.82*
Langhian 15.97 M. Miocene disruption (14.8–14.5)
Columbia River Basalt Group
Chilcotin Plateau Basalts		 Increased Antarctic deep waters
Yellowstone hotspot
Nördlinger Ries (14.5-14.3)
Burdigalian 20.44
Aquitanian 23.03* Shield volcanoes of Ethiopia Antarctic ice sheet complete
Paleogene Oligocene Chattian 28.1 Ethiopian and Yemen traps (31–30) Fish Canyon Tuff (27.51)
Rupelian 33.9* Chesapeake Bay impact crater (35.5) Antarctic ice sheet expands
Eocene–Oligocene extinction event
Eocene Priabonian 38.0
Bartonian 41.3
Lutetian 47.8* Antarctic ice sheet begins
Ypresian 56.0* N. Atlantic IP Phase II (56–54)
(Brito-Arctic province) (~56)
Paleocene Thanetian 59.2*
Selandian 61.6* N. Atlantic IP (62–58)
(Brito-Arctic province) (~61)
(Thulean Plateau)		 Iceland hotspot
 
 
Danian 65.5 ± 0.3* Chicxulub Crater (65.5 ± 0.3)
Deccan Traps (65.5 ± 0.3)		 Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event
Shiva crater
Mesozoic Cretaceous Upper Maastrichtian 72.1 ± 0.2*
Campanian 83.6 ± 0.2 Caribbean LIP (76-74)
Caribbean LIP (82-80)
Santonian 86.3 ± 0.5
Coniacian 89.8 ± 0.3 High Arctic LIP (~90-80)
Caribbean LIP (90-88)
Ontong Java Plateau		  
Galápagos hotspot
 
Turonian 93.5 ± 0.8* Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event (91.5 ± 8.6)
Madagascar flood basalt (94.5±1.2)
Cenomanian 100.5*
Lower Albian c. 113.0 Kerguelen Plateau (110)
Rajmahal Traps (118)		 Kerguelen hotspot
 
Aptian c. 125.0 Selli Event (~120)
Ontong Java Plateau (125–120)		  
Louisville hotspot
Barremian c. 129.4 High Arctic LIP (130-120)
Hauterivian c. 132.9 Abor volcanics (135) Kerguelen hotspot
Valanginian c. 139.8 Paraná and Etendeka traps (138-128) Tristan hotspot
Berriasian c. 145.0 Glaciations
End-Jurassic extinction
Jurassic Upper Tithonian 152.1 ± 0.9
Kimmeridgian 157.3 ± 1.0
Oxfordian 163.5 ± 1.0
Middle Callovian 166.1 ± 1.2
Bathonian 168.3 ± 1.3*
Bajocian 170.3 ± 1.4*
Aalenian 174.1 ± 1.0*
Lower Toarcian 182.7 ± 0.7 early Toarcian anoxic event
Karoo-Ferrar (~183)		 Pliensbachian-Toarcian extinction
Formed as Gondwana broke up
Pliensbachian 190.8 ± 1.0*
Sinemurian 199.3 ± 0.3* C. Atlantic magmatic province
(Recurrent)(197±1)
Hettangian 201.3 ± 0.2* Central Atlantic magmatic province (199.5±0.5) Formed as Pangea broke up
Triassic–Jurassic extinction event
Triassic Upper Rhaetian c. 208.5
Norian c. 228 Wrangellia flood basalts (231–225)
Carnian c. 235*
Middle Ladinian c. 242*
Anisian 247.2
Lower Olenekian 251.2
Induan 252.2 ± 0.5* Siberian Traps (252.6) Permian–Triassic extinction event
Paleozoic Permian Lopingian Changhsingian 254.2 ± 0.1*
Wuchiapingian 259.9 ± 0.4* Emeishan Traps (258) end-Capitanian/Guadalupian Extinction
Guadalupian Capitanian 265.1 ± 0.4*
Wordian/Kazanian 268.8 ± 0.5*
Roadian/Ufimian 272.3 ± 0.5* Olson's Extinction
Late Devonian extinction
Cisuralian Kungurian 279.3 ± 0.6
Artinskian 290.1 ± 0.1
Sakmarian 295.5 ± 0.4
Asselian 298.9 ± 0.2* Skagerrak-Centered LIP (297±4 Ma) Pangaea
Carbon-
iferous/
Pennsyl-
vanian		 Upper Gzhelian 303.7 ± 0.1
Kasimovian 307.0 ± 0.1 Carboniferous Rainforest Collapse (~305)
Middle Moscovian 315.2 ± 0.2
Lower Bashkirian 323.2 ± 0.4*
Carbon-
iferous/
Missis-
sippian		 Upper Serpukhovian 330.9 ± 0.2
Middle Viséan 346.7 ± 0.4*
Lower Tournaisian 358.9 ± 0.4* Hangenberg event (358.9 ± 0.4) Late Devonian extinction
Devonian Upper Famennian 372.2 ± 1.6* Kellwasser_event (372.2 ± 1.6)
Viluy traps (373.4 ± 0.7)		 Late Devonian extinction
Frasnian 382.7 ± 1.6*
Middle Givetian 387.7 ± 0.8*
Eifelian 393.3 ± 1.2*
Lower Emsian 407.6 ± 2.6*
Pragian 410.8 ± 2.8*
Lochkovian 419.2 ± 3.2*
Silurian Pridoli (Stage 8) 423.0 ± 2.3* Lau event (423.0 ± 2.3)
Ludlow/Cayugan Ludfordian 425.6 ± 0.9*
Gorstian 427.4 ± 0.5* Mulde event (427.4 ± 0.5)
Wenlock Homerian/Lockportian 430.5 ± 0.7*
Sheinwoodian/Tonawandan 433.4 ± 0.8* Ireviken event (433.4 ± 2.3)
Llandovery/
Alexandrian		 Telychian/Ontarian 438.5 ± 1.1*
Aeronian 440.8 ± 1.2*
Rhuddanian 443.4 ± 1.5* Ordovician–Silurian extinction event
Ordovician Upper Hirnantian 445.2 ± 1.4* Pre-Devonian Traps (~445)
Katian 453.0 ± 0.7*
Sandbian 458.4 ± 0.9*
Middle Darriwilian 467.3 ± 1.1*
Dapingian 470.0 ± 1.4*
Lower Floian
(formerly Arenig)		 477.7 ± 1.4*
Tremadocian 485.4 ± 1.9*
Cambrian Furongian Stage 10 c. 489.5 Cambrian–Ordovician extinction event
Jiangshanian c. 494*
Paibian c. 497*
Series 3 Guzhangian c. 500.5*
Drumian c. 504.5*
Stage 5 c. 509
Series 2 Stage 4 c. 514
Stage 3 c. 521
Terreneuvian Stage 2 c. 529 Cambrian explosion
Fortunian 541.0 ± 1.0* End-Ediacaran extinction
Neo-
proterozoic		 Ediacaran c. 635* Long Range dikes (620) formed as Iapetus Ocean began
Cryogenian 850 Franklin LIP (716.5) Snowball Earth
Tonian 1000 Warakurna LIP (~1075)
Meso-
proterozoic		 Stenian 1200 Midcontinent Rift System (~1100)
Mackenzie LIP (~1270)		 Rodinia
Ectasian 1400
Calymmian 1600
Paleo-
proterozoic		 Statherian 1800 Circum-Superior Belt (1884-1864)
Winagami sill complex (1890-1760)
Orosirian 2050 Kapuskasing and Marathon dike swarm (2126-2101)
Fort Frances dike swarm (2076-2067)
Vredefort impact structure (2023±4)
Rhyacian 2300 Ungava magmatic event Huronian glaciation (2220)
Siderian 2500 Matachewan dike swarm (2500-2450)
Mistassini dike swarm (2500)		 Great Oxygenation Event
Neoarchean 2800
Mesoarchean 3200
Paleoarchean 3600 Kaapvaal craton (3600-3700) Vaalbara
Eoarchean 4000
Early Imbrian c. 3850
Nectarian c. 3920 lunar basins form
Basin Groups c. 4150 Acasta Gneiss Late Heavy Bombardment
Cryptic c. 4600 Oldest minerals. Earth surface solidifies.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.