Ethiopia-Yemen Continental Flood Basalts

The Ethiopia-Yemen Continental Flood Basalts were erupted during the Oligocene. They cover an area of about 600,000 km2 in Yemen and Ethiopia, with an estimated volume of greater than 350,000 km3. They are associated with the Afar Plume and the initiation of rifting in the southern Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.

In Ethiopia flood basalts cover an old erosion surface with occasional flat areas or peneplains. Burial of old surfaces by lava has preserved laterite soils in both Yemen and Ethiopia.

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