Battle of Vientiane

Battle of Vientiane
Part of the Laotian Civil War, 1960 Laotian coups and the Vietnam War
Date13 – 16 December 1960
Location
Central Laos, concentrated on Vientiane; sporadic fighting into the Plain of Jars
Result
  • Royalist victory
Territorial
changes
Loyalist forces capture Vientiane; Forces Armées Neutralistes establish themselves in the Plain of Jars
Belligerents

Royal Lao loyalists
Supported by
 Thailand

 United States

 South Vietnam

Neutralist Armed Forces
 North Vietnam
Pathet Lao
Supported by
 Soviet Union

Commanders and leaders
Phoumi Nosavan
Kouprasith Abhay
Siho Lamphouthacoul
Ekarath Souvannarot
Bounleut Sanichanh
Vang Pao
Nguyễn Khánh
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu
Kong Le
Units involved
Groupement Mobile B
Groupement Tactique
Groupement Mobile Special 1
Bataillon Volontaires 32
Bataillon Parachutistes 1
Bataillon Volontaires 21
Hmong guerrillas
PARU Team A
PARU Team B
PARU Team C
PARU Team D
PARU Team E
105mm howitzers
C-47 air support
CIA air transport support
Bataillon Parachutistes 2
Pathet Lao armed forces
122mm mortars
105mm howitzers
Five battalions
Soviet air transport support
Strength
N/A
Four 105mm howitzers, twenty-five Border Patrol Police
One C-47
1,200
1,060
Six 122mm mortars, four 105mm howitzers; five battalions invaded Laos from the north
Casualties and losses
At least 17 Neutralistes killed
In Vientiane, about 600 civilians killed and 7,000 civilians left homeless; about 600 homes destroyed.

The Battle of Vientiane was a major and decisive battle of the 1960 Laotian coups, that occurred amid the Laotian Civil War. Fought between 13 and 16 December 1960, the battle ended with General Phoumi Nosavan regaining control of the Kingdom of Laos with the aid of the Royal Thai Government and the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Vientiane, the capital of Laos, was left devastated by the fighting, with about 600 civilians dead, about the same number of homes destroyed, which 7,000 left homeless. The losing Neutralist Armed Forces under Captain Kong Le retreated onto the strategic Plain of Jars, to begin an uneasy coexistence with the Pathet Lao and the invading North Vietnamese Army.

With the northeastern quarter of Laos under communist control, the United States and the Kingdom of Thailand deepened their involvement in the Laotian Civil War.