Wolfgang Köhler
Wolfgang Köhler | |
|---|---|
| Born | 21 January 1887 |
| Died | 11 June 1967 (aged 80) Enfield, New Hampshire, U.S. |
| Education | |
| Alma mater | University of Bonn |
| Thesis | Akustische Untersuchungen (Acoustic investigations) (1909) |
| Doctoral advisor | Carl Stumpf |
| Other advisors | Max Planck |
| Philosophical work | |
| School | Gestalt psychology Berlin School of experimental psychology Phenomenological psychology |
| Institutions | University of Berlin Swarthmore College Dartmouth College |
| Doctoral students | Carl Gustav Hempel, Karl Popper |
| Main interests | Psychology |
| Notable ideas | Psychology of problem solving |
| Signature | |
Wolfgang Köhler (German: [ˈkøːlɐ]; 21 January 1887 – 11 June 1967) was a German psychologist and phenomenologist who, like Max Wertheimer and Kurt Koffka, contributed to the creation of Gestalt psychology.
During the Nazi regime in Germany, he protested against the dismissal of Jewish professors from universities, as well as the requirement that professors give a Nazi salute at the beginning of their classes. In 1935 he left the country for the United States, where Swarthmore College in Pennsylvania offered him a professorship. He taught with its faculty for 20 years, and did continuing research. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Köhler as the 50th most cited psychologist of the 20th century.