Struggle Companies (Syria)

Struggle Companies/Struggle Brigades
سرايا الصراع
Active1973 – Unknown (dissolved)
Country Ba'athist Syria
Allegiance Syrian Arab Armed Forces
TypePraetorian Guard
Shock Troops
Special Forces
RoleAirborne forces
Close-quarters combat
Counter-insurgency
Raiding
Direct action
Special operations
Unconventional warfare
Size5,000 (peak in 1990)
Garrison/HQDamascus
EngagementsIslamist uprising in Syria
Commanders
Ceremonial chiefHafez al-Assad
Notable
commanders
Adnan al-Assad
Muhammad al-Assa

The Struggle Companies (Arabic: سرايا الصراع; Saraya al-Sira) was a 5,000-strong commando force deployed around the Syrian capital Damascus. It was created in 1973 and commanded by Maj. Gen Adnan Assad, a cousin of the late Syrian president, Hafez al-Assad. The all Alawite Struggle Companies are broadly similar to the Defense Companies and were fanatically loyal to the Syrian government and were heavily used during the 1982 Hama massacre.

The Syrian president exercised direct control over the Saraya al-Sira', Saraya al-Difa', and the Republican Guard all of whom function as a Praetorian Guard. The headquarters of the Saraya al-Sira' was Mezzeh Military Airport.

The Saraya al-Sira' wore combat uniforms quite distinct from the regular Syrian military, their uniform consisted of lizard-patterned camouflage fatigues worn with Soviet combat boots, helmets and bulletproof vests. Headgear consisted of a red or orange beret.