Pyrochlore

Pyrochlore
Pyrochlore from Russia
General
CategoryOxide mineral
Formula(Na,Ca)2Nb2O6(OH,F)
IMA symbolPcl
Strunz classification4.DH.15
Dana classification08.02.01.01
Pyrochlore group
Crystal systemIsometric
Crystal classHexoctahedral (m3m)
H-M symbol: (4/m 3 2/m)
Space groupFd3m (No. 227)
Unit cella = 10.41(6) Å, Z = 8
Identification
ColorBlack to brown, chocolate-brown, reddish brown, amber-orange, red-orange
Crystal habitTypically octahedra, disseminated granular, massive
Twinning111 rare
Cleavage111 indistinct, may be a parting.
FractureSubconchoidal to uneven, splintery
TenacityBrittle
Mohs scale hardness5.0–5.5
LusterVitreous to resinous
StreakWhite
DiaphaneitySubtranslucent to opaque
Specific gravity4.45 to 4.90
Optical propertiesIsotropic, weak anomalous anisotropism
Refractive indexn = 1.9–2.2
Other characteristics Radioactive, often metamict
References

Pyrochlore (Na,Ca)2Nb2O6(OH,F) is a mineral group of the niobium end member of the pyrochlore supergroup. Pyrochlore is also a term for the crystal structure Fd3m. The name is from the Greek πῦρ, fire, and χλωρός, green because it typically turns green on ignition in classic blowpipe analysis.