Glomerular hyperfiltration

Glomerular hyperfiltration is a situation where the filtration elements in the kidneys called glomeruli produce excessive amounts of pro-urine. It can be part of a number of medical conditions particularly diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage associated with diabetes).

There is no universally accepted definition of glomerular hyperfiltration, and little research has been done on the pathophysiological mechanisms, which are likely to change depending on the underlying ailment.

Glomerular hyperfiltration can result from efferent arteriolar vasoconstriction due to activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, which causes glomerular hypertension, or afferent arteriolar vasodilation, as observed in diabetic patients or following a high-protein meal.