Gaia BH2

Gaia BH2

DECaPS image of Gaia BH2 (star at the center)
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Centaurus
Right ascension 13h 50m 16.748s
Declination −59° 14 20.33
Apparent magnitude (V) 12.711
Characteristics
Red giant
Evolutionary stage Red giant
Black hole
Evolutionary stage Stellar black hole
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−5.04±2.08 km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −10.48±0.1 mas/yr
Dec.: −4.61±0.06 mas/yr
Parallax (π)0.859±0.018 mas
Distance3,800 ± 80 ly
(1,160 ± 20 pc)
Orbit
Period (P)1,276.7±0.6 d
Semi-major axis (a)4.96±0.08 AU
Eccentricity (e)0.5176±0.0009
Inclination (i)34.87±0.34°
Longitude of the node (Ω)266.9±0.5°
Periastron epoch (T)2457438.3±1.4
Argument of periastron (ω)
(secondary)
130.9±0.4°
Semi-amplitude (K1)
(primary)
25.23±0.04 km/s
Details
Red giant
Mass1.17±0.08 M
Radius8.55+0.20
−0.15
 R
Luminosity (bolometric)24.6±1.6 L
Surface gravity (log g)2.71±0.24 cgs
Temperature4,604±87 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.22±0.02 dex
Rotation398±5 days (preliminary estimate)
Rotational velocity (v sin i)<1.5 km/s
Age5.1+1.2
−1.8
 Gyr
Black hole
Mass8.94±0.34 M
Other designations
Gaia BH2, UCAC4 154-126202, 2MASS J13501675-5914203, Gaia DR3 5870569352746779008
Database references
SIMBADdata

Gaia BH2 (Gaia DR3 5870569352746779008) is a binary system consisting of a red giant and a stellar-mass black hole. Gaia BH2 is located about 3,800 light years away (1.16 kpc away) in the constellation of Centaurus, making it as of 2024 the third-closest known black hole system to Earth. Gaia BH2 is the second black hole discovered from Gaia DR3 astrometric data.

The black hole and red giant orbit the system barycentre every 1,277 days, or around 3.5 years, with a moderate eccentricity of 0.518. The black hole's mass is around 8.94 M, which means its Schwarzschild radius should be about 26.4 km (16.4 mi). The red giant has a mass of 1.17 M and a radius of 8.6 R. Its temperature is estimated at 4,604 K (4,331 °C; 7,828 °F). The star is enriched in alpha elements, thus is believed to have undergone mass transfer with another star.