Empress Ma (Han dynasty)

Empress Ma
SpouseEmperor Ming of Han
IssueEmperor Zhang of Han (foster son)
FatherGeneral Ma Yuan
MotherLady Lìn (藺夫人)

Empress Ma (馬皇后, personal name unknown; late 30s – August 16, 79), formally Empress Mingde (明德皇后, literally, "the understanding and virtuous empress"), was an empress during the Eastern Han dynasty from 8 April 60 until 75, then empress dowager from that year till her death. Her husband was Emperor Ming of Han.