Duchy of Livonia

Duchy of Livonia
Herzogtum Livland (German)
Uždauguvio kunigaikštystė (Lithuanian)
Księstwo Zadźwińskie (Polish)
Ducatus Ultradunensis (Latin)
Vassal of Grand Duchy of Lithuania, then of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1561–1629

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth with its major subdivisions after the 1618 Truce of Deulino, superimposed on present-day national borders. Livonia here is coloured dark grey, upper-right, over modern Estonia and Latvia. Swedish Estonia is coloured green.
CapitalFellin (Viljandi)
Area
  Coordinates58°22′N 25°36′E / 58.367°N 25.600°E / 58.367; 25.600
Government
  TypePrincipality
Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland 
 1561–1572
Sigismund II Augustus
 1573–1575
Henry III de Valois
 1576–1586
Stephen Báthory and Anna Jagiellon
 1588–1621
Sigismund III Vasa
Governor 
 1566–1578
Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz
Historical eraEarly Modern Age
28 November 1561
1620–1622
25 September 1629
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Terra Mariana
Free City of Riga
Swedish Livonia
Inflanty Voivodeship

The Duchy of Livonia, also referred to as Polish Livonia or Livonia, was a territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that existed from 1561 to 1621. It corresponds to the present-day areas of northern Latvia (Vidzeme and Latgale) and southern Estonia.