Dubul' ibhunu

"Dubul' ibhunu" (Xhosa: [dəbʊliːbuːnuː]), translated as shoot the Boer, kill the Boer or kill the farmer, is a controversial South African anti-Apartheid song. It is sung in Xhosa or Zulu. The song originates in the struggle against apartheid when it was first sung to protest the Afrikaner-dominated apartheid government of South Africa. It gained new prominence after 2010 following its use at political rallies held by the African National Congress (ANC) and Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF).

South African courts ruled it to be a form of hate speech in 2010, a ruling that was later overturned in 2022. Supporters of the song see it as a song that articulates an important part of South Africa's history, is an important part of political discourse, and that its meaning has been misconstrued as advocating killing Boers or farmers. Opponents of the song argue that it can be seen to bear a literal interpretation and therefore constitutes an incitement to violence and hate speech. Social and political commentators on South Africa, such as Jonathan Jansen and Stephen Grootes, have noted the song's ability to increase racial divisions within South Africa and polarisation, whilst strengthening radicals on either side of the country's political spectrum.