DUT (gene)

DUT
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1Q5H, 1Q5U, 2HQU, 3ARA, 3ARN, 3EHW, 4MZ5, 4MZ6
Identifiers
Aliases	DUT, dUTPase, deoxyuridine triphosphatase
External IDs	OMIM: 601266; MGI: 1346051; HomoloGene: 31475; GeneCards: DUT; OMA:DUT - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 15 (human)
End	48,343,373 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 2 (mouse)
End	125,100,528 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	pylorus; ; trabecular bone; ; trigeminal ganglion; ; caput epididymis; ; superior surface of tongue; ; urethra; ; lactiferous duct; ; renal medulla; ; corpus epididymis; ; mucosa of paranasal sinus;
	Top expressed in
	primitive streak; ; embryo; ; embryo; ; ventricular zone; ; endocardial cushion; ; medial ganglionic eminence; ; otic placode; ; fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell; ; somite; ; abdominal wall;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding; hydrolase activity; RNA binding; magnesium ion binding; dUTP diphosphatase activity;
Cellular component	extracellular exosome; nucleus; mitochondrion; nucleoplasm;
Biological process	nucleotide metabolic process; DNA replication; dUTP metabolic process; nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process; nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion; dUMP biosynthetic process; dUTP catabolic process;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	1854
	110074
	ENSG00000128951
	ENSMUSG00000027203
	P33316
	Q9CQ43
	NM_001025248; NM_001025249; NM_001948; NM_001330286
	NM_001159646; NM_023595
	NP_001020419; NP_001020420; NP_001317215; NP_001939
	NP_001153118; NP_076084
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

DUTP pyrophosphatase, also known as DUT, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the DUT gene on chromosome 15.

This gene encodes an essential enzyme of nucleotide metabolism. The encoded protein forms a ubiquitous, homotrimeric enzyme that hydrolyzes dUTP to dUMP and pyrophosphate. This reaction serves two cellular purposes: providing a precursor (dUMP) for the synthesis of thymine nucleotides needed for DNA replication, and limiting intracellular pools of dUTP. Elevated levels of dUTP lead to increased incorporation of uracil into DNA, which induces extensive excision repair mediated by uracil glycosylase. This repair process, resulting in the removal and reincorporation of dUTP, is self-defeating and leads to DNA fragmentation and cell death. Alternative splicing of this gene leads to different isoforms that localize to either the mitochondrion or nucleus. A related pseudogene is located on chromosome 19.