British Standard Whitworth
British Standard Whitworth (BSW) is a screw thread standard that uses imperial (inch-based) units. It was devised and specified by British engineerJoseph Whitworth in 1841, making it the world’s first national screw thread standard. It became widely adopted across the United Kingdom and its former colonies, influencing engineering practices globally. BSW also laid the foundation for several related thread standards, including British Standard Fine (BSF),British Standard Pipe (BSP), British Standard Conduit (BSCon) and British Standard Copper (BSCopper) threads. Although largely superseded by metric standards in modern engineering, BSW remains in use in restoration, vintage machinery, and certain legacy industries.