ARAF

ARAF
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1WXM, 2MSE
Identifiers
Aliases	ARAF, A-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase, A-RAF, ARAF1, PKS2, RAFA1, Serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf
External IDs	OMIM: 311010; MGI: 88065; HomoloGene: 1249; GeneCards: ARAF; OMA:ARAF - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	X chromosome (human)
End	47,571,908 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	X chromosome (mouse)
End	20,726,758 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	muscle of thigh; ; granulocyte; ; gastrocnemius muscle; ; body of stomach; ; apex of heart; ; body of pancreas; ; right lobe of liver; ; gastric mucosa; ; transverse colon; ; left uterine tube;
	Top expressed in
	dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus; ; lateral hypothalamus; ; mammillary body; ; neural layer of retina; ; ventral tegmental area; ; paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus; ; ventromedial nucleus; ; lateral septal nucleus; ; arcuate nucleus; ; dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	transferase activity; protein kinase activity; nucleotide binding; metal ion binding; kinase activity; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; protein binding; ATP binding; MAP kinase kinase kinase activity; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase binding;
Cellular component	mitochondrion; cytosol; cellular component;
Biological process	intracellular signal transduction; regulation of TOR signaling; phosphorylation; negative regulation of apoptotic process; positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; MAPK cascade; protein phosphorylation; regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; signal transduction; multicellular organism development; negative regulation of signal transduction; cell differentiation; positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	369
	11836
	ENSG00000078061
	ENSMUSG00000001127
	P10398; Q96II5
	P04627
	NM_001256196; NM_001256197; NM_001654
	NM_001159645; NM_009703
	NP_001243125; NP_001243126; NP_001645; NP_001243125.1
	NP_001153117; NP_033833
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf, or simply A-Raf, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ARAF gene. It belongs to the Raf kinase family of serine/threonine-specific protein kinases, which also includes Raf-1 and B-Raf. A-Raf is involved in the MAPK/ERK pathway, where it contributes to cell signaling processes that regulate proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Compared to Raf-1 and B-Raf, A-Raf is less well studied and exhibits distinct structural and regulatory features, including low kinase activity and alternative splicing in cancer. In addition to its role in MAPK signaling, A-Raf has functions in apoptosis suppression, cancer metabolism, and endocytic trafficking.