Gliese 105
| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Cetus |
| Gliese 105 A | |
| Right ascension | 02h 36m 04.9013s |
| Declination | +06° 53′ 12.384″ |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 5.83 |
| Gliese 105 B | |
| Right ascension | 02h 36m 15.2669s |
| Declination | +06° 52′ 17.916″ |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 11.670 |
| Gliese 105 C | |
| Right ascension | 02h 36m 04.66s |
| Declination | +06° 53′ 14.8″ |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 16.77 |
| Characteristics | |
| Gliese 105 AC | |
| Spectral type | K3 V + M7 V |
| U−B color index | +0.800 |
| B−V color index | +0.972 |
| Gliese 105 B | |
| Spectral type | M3.5 V |
| U−B color index | +1.10 |
| B−V color index | +1.61 |
| Variable type | BY Dra |
| Astrometry | |
| Gliese 105 A | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | 25.8 ± 0.1 km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: 1778.585 mas/yr Dec.: 1477.306 mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 138.3400±0.3177 mas |
| Distance | 23.58 ± 0.05 ly (7.23 ± 0.02 pc) |
| Absolute magnitude (MV) | 6.50 |
| Gliese 105 B | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | 26.10±0.28 km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: 1801.671 mas/yr Dec.: 1450.487 mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 138.4371 ± 0.0420 mas |
| Distance | 23.560 ± 0.007 ly (7.223 ± 0.002 pc) |
| Orbit | |
| Period (P) | 76.0+1.3 −1.2 yr |
| Semi-major axis (a) | 2.380±0.019" (17.0 ± 0.7 au) |
| Eccentricity (e) | 0.647±0.003 |
| Inclination (i) | 46.0+1.2 −1.3° |
| Longitude of the node (Ω) | 126.7±0.3° |
| Periastron epoch (T) | 2458221±4 JD |
| Argument of periastron (ω) (primary) | 135.3±0.3° |
| Semi-amplitude (K1) (primary) | 706.1±1.0 km/s |
| Details | |
| Gliese 105 A | |
| Mass | 0.782+0.019 −0.018 M☉ |
| Radius | 0.730+0.023 −0.022 R☉ |
| Luminosity (bolometric) | 0.2734+0.0087 −0.0085 L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 4.579+0.025 −0.024 cgs |
| Temperature | 4886+72 −71 K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | −0.090+0.072 −0.070 dex |
| Age | 11.0+1.6 −2.4 Gyr |
| Gliese 105 C | |
| Mass | 0.098±0.002 M☉ |
| Radius | 0.1329+0.0057 −0.0055 R☉ |
| Luminosity (bolometric) | 0.000758±0.000033 L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 5.245+0.043 −0.041 cgs |
| Temperature | 2626±50 K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | 0.006±0.068 dex |
| Age | 11.0+1.6 −2.4 Gyr |
| Gliese 105 B | |
| Mass | 0.277±0.024 M☉ |
| Radius | 0.289+0.012 −0.011 R☉ |
| Luminosity (bolometric) | 0.00795±0.00023 L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 4.957+0.036 −0.035 cgs |
| Temperature | 3205±59 K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | −0.01+0.11 −0.10 dex |
| Age | 11.0+1.6 −2.4 Gyr |
| Other designations | |
| 268 G. Cet, GJ 105, CCDM J02361+0653 | |
| Gliese 105 AC: BD+06 398, FK5 1073, HD 16160, HIP 12114, HR 753, SAO 110636, G 73-70, G 76-11, LFT 217, LHS 15, LTT 10858 | |
| Gliese 105 B: BX Cet, G 73-71, G 76-12, LFT 218, LHS 16, LTT 10859 | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | Gl 105 |
| Gl 105 A | |
| Gl 105 B | |
| Gl 105 C | |
Location of Gliese 105 in the constellation Cetus | |
Gliese 105 (also known as 268 G. Ceti) is a triple star system in the constellation of Cetus. It is located relatively near the Sun at a distance of 23.6 light-years (7.2 parsecs). Despite this, even the brightest component is barely visible with the unaided eye (see Bortle scale). No planets have yet been detected around any of the stars in this system.
This is a triple system with three stars that are all less massive than the Sun. The brightest component is designated HD 16160, and is known as Gliese 105 A. It is a K-type main-sequence star, about 70% the mass of the Sun. This star is unusual because its eruptions appear to not conform to the Waldmeier effect—i.e., the strongest eruptions of HD 16160 are not the ones characterized by the fast eruption onset.
A nearby star has a similar proper motion to Gliese 105 A, so it is assumed to be physically associated with the primary, and is known as Gliese 105 B. The two have an estimated separation of 1,200 astronomical units (au). In 1994, Edward W. Weis announced that component B is a variable star. In 1997 it was given its variable star designation, BX Ceti. It is a BY Draconis variable star whose brightness varies between 11.64 and 11.68 magnitudes.
A third companion, known as Gliese 105 C, lies much closer to A, currently at a distance of approximately 24 au. The pair A-C have an estimated orbital period of about 70 years. While detected directly, Gliese 105 C has also been observed to perturb Gliese 105 A from its usual position; from that, its orbit is estimated to have a high eccentricity of around 0.64 and a semimajor axis of 17 au. Gliese 105 C is an extremely faint red dwarf. It is roughly 8 to 9 percent the mass of the Sun, and it is about 20,000 times fainter than its parent star in visible light—at a distance of 1 au (the distance from the Earth to the Sun) it would only be four times brighter than the full moon.