grid-template

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since October 2017.

The grid-template CSS property is a shorthand property for defining grid columns, grid rows, and grid areas.

Try it

grid-template:
  "a a a" 40px
  "b c c" 40px
  "b c c" 40px / 1fr 1fr 1fr;

grid-template:
  "b b a" auto
  "b b c" 2ch
  "b b c" 1em / 20% 20px 1fr;

grid-template:
  "a a ." minmax(50px, auto)
  "a a ." 80px
  "b b c" auto / 2em 3em auto;

<section class="default-example" id="default-example">
  <div class="example-container">
    <div class="transition-all" id="example-element">
      <div>One</div>
      <div>Two</div>
      <div>Three</div>
    </div>
  </div>
</section>

#example-element {
  border: 1px solid #c5c5c5;
  display: grid;
  grid-gap: 10px;
  width: 200px;
}

#example-element :nth-child(1) {
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 0.2);
  border: 3px solid blue;
  grid-area: a;
}

#example-element :nth-child(2) {
  background-color: rgba(255, 0, 200, 0.2);
  border: 3px solid rebeccapurple;
  grid-area: b;
}

#example-element :nth-child(3) {
  background-color: rgba(94, 255, 0, 0.2);
  border: 3px solid green;
  grid-area: c;
}

Constituent properties

This property is a shorthand for the following CSS properties:

Syntax

/* Keyword value */
grid-template: none;

/* grid-template-rows / grid-template-columns values */
grid-template: 100px 1fr / 50px 1fr;
grid-template: auto 1fr / auto 1fr auto;
grid-template: [line-name] 100px / [column-name1] 30% [column-name2] 70%;
grid-template: fit-content(100px) / fit-content(40%);

/* grid-template-areas grid-template-rows / grid-template-column values */
grid-template:
  "a a a"
  "b b b";
grid-template:
  "a a a" 20%
  "b b b" auto;
grid-template:
  [header-top] "a a a" [header-bottom]
  [main-top] "b b b" 1fr [main-bottom]
  / auto 1fr auto;

/* Global values */
grid-template: inherit;
grid-template: initial;
grid-template: revert;
grid-template: revert-layer;
grid-template: unset;

Values

none: Sets all three longhand properties to none, meaning there is no explicit grid. There are no named grid areas. Rows and columns will be implicitly generated; their size will be determined by the grid-auto-rows and grid-auto-columns properties. This is the default value.
<'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'>: Sets grid-template-rows and grid-template-columns to the specified values, and sets grid-template-areas to none.
[ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?: Sets grid-template-areas to the strings listed, grid-template-rows to the track sizes following each string (filling in auto for any missing sizes), and splicing in the named lines defined before/after each size, and grid-template-columns to the track listing specified after the slash (or none, if not specified).

Note: The repeat() function isn't allowed in these track listings, as the tracks are intended to visually line up one-to-one with the rows/columns in the "ASCII art".

Note: The grid shorthand accepts the same syntax, but also resets the implicit grid properties to their initial values. Use grid (as opposed to grid-template) to prevent these values from cascading in separately.

Formal definition

Initial value	as each of the properties of the shorthand: `grid-template-columns`: `none` `grid-template-rows`: `none` `grid-template-areas`: `none`
Applies to	grid containers
Inherited	no
Percentages	as each of the properties of the shorthand: `grid-template-columns`: refer to corresponding dimension of the content area `grid-template-rows`: refer to corresponding dimension of the content area
Computed value	as each of the properties of the shorthand: `grid-template-columns`: as specified, but with relative lengths converted into absolute lengths `grid-template-rows`: as specified, but with relative lengths converted into absolute lengths `grid-template-areas`: as specified
Animation type	as each of the properties of the shorthand: `grid-template-columns`: simple list of length, percentage, or calc, provided the only differences are in the values of the length, percentage, or calc components in the list `grid-template-rows`: simple list of length, percentage, or calc, provided the only differences are in the values of the length, percentage, or calc components in the list `grid-template-areas`: discrete

Formal syntax

grid-template = 
  none                                                |
  [ <'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'> ]  |
  [ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?  

<grid-template-rows> = 
  none                       |
  <track-list>               |
  <auto-track-list>          |
  subgrid <line-name-list>?  

<grid-template-columns> = 
  none                       |
  <track-list>               |
  <auto-track-list>          |
  subgrid <line-name-list>?  

<line-names> = 
  '[' <custom-ident>* ']'  

<track-size> = 
  <track-breadth>                                   |
  minmax( <inflexible-breadth> , <track-breadth> )  |
  fit-content( <length-percentage [0,∞]> )          

<explicit-track-list> = 
  [ <line-names>? <track-size> ]+ <line-names>?  

<track-list> = 
  [ <line-names>? [ <track-size> | <track-repeat> ] ]+ <line-names>?  

<auto-track-list> = 
  [ <line-names>? [ <fixed-size> | <fixed-repeat> ] ]* <line-names>? <auto-repeat> [ <line-names>? [ <fixed-size> | <fixed-repeat> ] ]* <line-names>?  

<line-name-list> = 
  [ <line-names> | <name-repeat> ]+  

<track-breadth> = 
  <length-percentage [0,∞]>  |
  <flex [0,∞]>               |
  min-content                |
  max-content                |
  auto                       

<inflexible-breadth> = 
  <length-percentage [0,∞]>  |
  min-content                |
  max-content                |
  auto                       

<length-percentage> = 
  <length>      |
  <percentage>  

<track-repeat> = 
  repeat( [ <integer [1,∞]> ] , [ <line-names>? <track-size> ]+ <line-names>? )  

<fixed-size> = 
  <fixed-breadth>                                   |
  minmax( <fixed-breadth> , <track-breadth> )       |
  minmax( <inflexible-breadth> , <fixed-breadth> )  

<fixed-repeat> = 
  repeat( [ <integer [1,∞]> ] , [ <line-names>? <fixed-size> ]+ <line-names>? )  

<auto-repeat> = 
  repeat( [ auto-fill | auto-fit ] , [ <line-names>? <fixed-size> ]+ <line-names>? )  

<name-repeat> = 
  repeat( [ <integer [1,∞]> | auto-fill ] , <line-names>+ )  

<fixed-breadth> = 
  <length-percentage [0,∞]>

Examples

Defining a grid template

CSS

#page {
  display: grid;
  width: 100%;
  height: 200px;
  grid-template:
    [header-left] "head head" 30px [header-right]
    [main-left] "nav  main" 1fr [main-right]
    [footer-left] "nav  foot" 30px [footer-right]
    / 120px 1fr;
}

header {
  background-color: lime;
  grid-area: head;
}

nav {
  background-color: lightblue;
  grid-area: nav;
}

main {
  background-color: yellow;
  grid-area: main;
}

footer {
  background-color: red;
  grid-area: foot;
}

HTML

<div id="page">
  <header>Header</header>
  <nav>Navigation</nav>
  <main>Main area</main>
  <footer>Footer</footer>
</div>

Result

Specifications

Specification
CSS Grid Layout Module Level 2 # explicit-grid-shorthand

Browser compatibility

	Desktop					Mobile
	Chrome	Edge	Firefox	Opera	Safari	Chrome Android	Firefox for Android	Opera Android	Safari on IOS	Samsung Internet	WebView Android
`grid-template`	57	16	52	44	10.1	57	52	43	10.3	6.0	57
`none`	57	79	52	44	10.1	57	52	43	10.3	7.0	57